This article outlines a novel interpretation of quantum theory: the Q-based interpretation. The core idea underlying this interpretation, recently suggested for quantum field theories by Drummond and Reid, is to interpret the phase space function Q—a transform of the better known Wigner function—as a proper probability distribution, roughly analogous to the probability distribution ρ in classical statistical mechanics. Here I motivate the Q-based interpretation, investigate whether it is empirically adequate, and outline some of its key conceptual features. I argue that the Q-based interpretation is attractive in that it promises having no measurement problem, is conceptually parsimonious, and has the potential to apply elegantly to relativistic and field-theoretic contexts.