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1 December 2007

Volume 45, Number 11
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007;45:1518–1521
© 2007 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
1058-4838/2007/4511-0020$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/522986
CSE THEME ARTICLE HIV/AIDS BRIEF REPORT

Tuberculosis after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Low‐Income and High‐Income Countries

The Antiretroviral Therapy in Low‐Income Countries Collaboration of the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) and The ART Cohort Collaborationa

We examined the incidence of and risk factors for tuberculosis during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy in low‐income (4540 patients) and high‐income (22,217 patients) countries. Although incidence was much higher in low‐income countries, the reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy was similar: the rate ratio for months 7–12 versus months 1–3 was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.36–0.64) in low‐income countries and 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.26–0.50) in high‐income countries. A low CD4 cell count at the start of therapy was the most important risk factor in both settings.

Received 13 April 2007; accepted 21 July 2007; electronically published 22 October 2007.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Martin Brinkhof, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Berne, Finkenhubelweg 11, CH‐3012 Bern, Switzerland ().

CSE Global Theme Issue on Poverty and Human Development

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Yukari C. Manabe, Ronan Breen, Tara Perti, Enrico Girardi, and Timothy R. Sterling. (2009) Unmasked Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Disease: A Disease Spectrum after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 199:3, 437-444
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Martin W. G. Brinkhof and Matthias Egger. (2008) Reply to Colebunders and Caluwaerts. Clinical Infectious Diseases 46:9, 1482-1483
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  • The writing committee is listed at the end of the text.

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