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15 September 2007 Supplement

Volume 45, Number S3
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007;45:S165–S170
1058-4838/2007/4506S3-0002$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/519474
SUPPLEMENT ARTICLE

Microbiology of Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

Peter C. Appelbaum

Division of Clinical Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, and Clinical Microbiology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania

Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates came into existence soon after the introduction of methicillin. Historically, MRSA isolates have been associated with nosocomial infections and rapidly developed resistance to multiple drug classes. However, in recent years, different strains with unique phenotypes have emerged in the community, and the reservoir of community‐associated MRSA is rapidly expanding. Community‐associated pathogens are likely to cause life‐threatening systemic infections, especially in children and elderly individuals, and may also cause serious skin and soft‐tissue infections in healthy individuals. Compared with nosocomial strains, community‐associated MRSA isolates are associated with increased virulence and currently are more likely to be susceptible to a variety of antibiotics. The epidemiological and microbiological differences between community‐associated and nosocomial MRSA infections necessitate different strategies to prevent and treat the 2 types of infections. Vancomycin nonsusceptibility in S. aureus is on the increase, further complicating therapy.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Peter C. Appelbaum, Dept. of Pathology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Dr., Hershey, PA 17033 ().

Cited by

Rupali K. Doshi, Gopi Patel, Richard MacKay, Frances Wallach. (2009) Healthcare-associated Infections: Epidemiology, Prevention, and Therapy. Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine 76:1, 84-94
Online publication date: 1-Mar-2009.
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Andreas M Lenz, Mark Fairweather, William G Cheadle. (2008) Resistance profiles in surgical-site infection. Future Microbiology 3:4, 453-462
Online publication date: 1-Sep-2008.
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Tyler K Nygaard, Frank R DeLeo, Jovanka M Voyich. (2008) Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin infections: advances toward identifying the key virulence factors. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 21:2, 147-152
Online publication date: 1-May-2008.
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