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15 July 2007

Volume 45, Number 2
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007;45:228–233
© 2007 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
1058-4838/2007/4502-0014$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/518873
IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS INVITED ARTICLE

Polymicrobial Infection in Patients with Cancer: An Underappreciated and Underreported Entity

Kenneth V. I. Rolston,

Gerald P. Bodey, and

Amar Safdar

The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston

Polymicrobial infections account for 15% of infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer. However, limited information exists regarding the spectrum and microbiology of these infections, even in severely neutropenic patients. Most studies describe only monomicrobial bloodstream infections in detail, and information regarding polymicrobial infections and nonbacteremic infections is often incomplete or not provided at all. The current lack of well‐established definitions for various infections in the immunocompromised host, including pneumonia, neutropenic enterocolitis, and polymicrobial infections, probably plays an important role in the paucity of published information. In this review, we briefly describe the limited information available regarding polymicrobial infections in patients with cancer and address the need for establishing consensus definitions for site‐specific polymicrobial infections in neutropenic and nonneutropenic patients. We anticipate that, as factual information regarding such infections becomes available, a more comprehensive understanding of the true scope and impact of these infections will emerge, leading to appropriate modifications in the diagnostic work‐up and in the therapeutic approaches used in treating these patients.

Received 16 January 2007; accepted 24 March 2007; electronically published 4 June 2007.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Amar Safdar, Dept. of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 402, Houston, TX 77030 ().

David R. Snydman, Section Editor

Cited by

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Online publication date: 1-Sep-2009.
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A Safdar, G H Rodriguez, C N Mihu, L Mora-Ramos, V Mulanovich, R F Chemaly, R E Champlin, I Khouri. (2009) Infections in non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients with lymphoid malignancies: spectrum of infections, predictors of outcome and proposed guidelines for fungal infection prevention. Bone Marrow Transplantation
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Kenneth V. I. Rolston. (2009) New antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections in cancer patients. Hematological Oncology n/a-n/a
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Matthew J. Bizzarro, MD; Louise‐Marie Dembry, MD; Robert S. Baltimore, MD; Patrick G. Gallagher, MD. (2008) Matched Case‐Control Analysis of Polymicrobial Bloodstream Infection in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit •. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 29:10, 914-920
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