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15 June 2007

Volume 44, Number 12
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007;44:1617–1624
© 2007 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
1058-4838/2007/4412-0015$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/518281
EMERGING INFECTIONS INVITED ARTICLE

The Long‐Term Outcomes of Human West Nile Virus Infection

James J. Sejvar

Divisions of Vector‐Borne Infectious Diseases and Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector‐Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia

Since its introduction to North America in 1999, human infection with West Nile virus (WNV) has resulted in considerable acute morbidity and mortality. Although the ongoing epidemic has resulted in a great increase in our understanding of the acute clinical features of human illness and helped to define associated clinical syndromes, far less is known about potential long‐term clinical and functional sequelae. Several recent assessments, however, suggest that patients—even those with apparently mild cases of acute disease—frequently have subjective, somatic complaints following WNV infection. Persistent movement disorders, cognitive complaints, and functional disability may occur after West Nile neuroinvasive disease. West Nile poliomyelitis may result in limb weakness and ongoing morbidity that is likely to be long term. Although further assessment is needed, the long‐term neurological and functional sequelae of WNV infection are likely to represent a considerable source of morbidity in patients long after their recovery from acute illness.

Received 29 December 2006; accepted 28 February 2007; electronically published 2 May 2007.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. James J. Sejvar, Div. of Vector‐Borne Infectious Diseases, Div. of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector‐Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., MS A‐39, Atlanta, GA 30333 ().

James M. Hughes and Mary E. Wilson, Section Editors

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  • The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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