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15 February 2007

Volume 44, Number 4
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2007;44:513–520
This article is in the public domain, and no copyright is claimed.
1058-4838/2007/4404-0006
DOI: 10.1086/511006
MAJOR ARTICLE

Reduction in the Incidence of Invasive Listeriosis in Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network Sites, 1996–2003

Andrew C. Voetsch,1

Frederick J. Angulo,1

Timothy F. Jones,5

Matthew R. Moore,2

Celine Nadon,6

Patrick McCarthy,7

Beletshachew Shiferaw,8

Melanie B. Megginson,9

Sharon Hurd,10

Bridget J. Anderson,11

Alicia Cronquist,12

Duc J. Vugia,13

Carlota Medus,14

Suzanne Segler,4

Lewis M. Graves,1

Robert M. Hoekstra,3 and

Patricia M. Griffin,1 for the

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network Working Group 

1Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, 2Respiratory Diseases Branch, and 3Biostatistics and Information Management Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and 4Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Atlanta, Georgia; 5Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville; 6Food Safety and Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, and 7Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Washington D.C.; 8Oregon Department of Human Services, Portland; 9Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore; 10Connecticut Emerging Infection Program, New Haven; 11New York State Department of Health, Albany; 12Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver; 13California Department of Health Services, Richmond; and 14Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul

Background.Listeriosis is a leading cause of death among patients with foodborne diseases in the United States. Monitoring disease incidence is an important element of listeriosis surveillance and control.

Method.We conducted population‐based surveillance for Listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from normally sterile sites at all clinical diagnostic laboratories in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network from 1996 through 2003.

Results.The incidence of laboratory‐confirmed invasive listeriosis decreased by 24% from 1996 through 2003; pregnancy‐associated disease decreased by 37%, compared with a decrease of 23% for patients 50 years old. The highest incidence was reported among Hispanic persons from 1997 through 2001. Differences in incidence by age group and ethnicity may be explained by dietary preferences.

Conclusion.The marked decrease in the incidence of listeriosis may be related to the decrease in the prevalence of L. monocytogenes contamination of ready‐to‐eat foods since 1996. The crude incidence in 2003 of 3.1 cases per 1 million population approaches the government’s Healthy People objective of 2.5 cases per 1 million population by 2005. Further decreases in listeriosis incidence will require continued efforts of industry and government to reduce contamination of food and continued efforts to educate consumers and clinicians.

Received 6 September 2006; accepted 13 November 2006; electronically published 8 January 2007.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Andrew C. Voetsch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Mailstop E 46, Atlanta GA 30333 ().

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