All Journals > The Journal of Infectious Diseases > 1 March 2006 > Chimpanzee Neutralizing MAb to Anthrax

Article Tools

Search for Related Articles

  • By Author
  • Search In

Announcements

Science Watch logo

JID Article Named "New Hot Paper" by ScienceWatch.com

Dr. Lauri Hicks' 2007 article on pneumococcal disease has been named a "hot new paper" by Thompson Reuters' ScienceWatch.com. Read a Q&A about the article with Dr. Hicks here. 

Press Release

Unique Collaboration Charts the Migrations of a Parasite that Affected History
Researchers Sequence Louse DNA from Mummies and Propose New Model for its Development


In the News

Featured in Grist
"Another symptom of swine flu: instant amnesia" May 11, 2009
Swine Influenza Virus: Zoonotic Potential and Vaccination Strategies for the Control of Avian and Swine Influenzas
Eileen Thacker and Bruce Janke
Read the veterinary literature on swine flu and you get a strong sense of what might be called vaccination treadmill: the hog industry is literally scrambling to generate new vaccines for the rapidly evolving flu strains that sweep through CAFOs. Writing in the Journal of Infectious Diseases [PDF] in 2008, Eileen Thacker and Bruce Janke of Iowa State University paint a stark picture: “A number of genetically diverse viruses are circulating in swine herds throughout the world and are a major cause of concern to the swine industry,” they write. “Influenza virus infections in swine and poultry are potential sources of viruses for the next pandemic among humans.”

Featured in New York Times
"Fear of a Swine Flu Epidemic in 1976 Offers Some Lessons, and Concerns, Today" May 8, 2009
Anti‐Ganglioside Antibody Induction by Swine (A/NJ/1976/H1N1) and Other Influenza Vaccines: Insights into Vaccine‐Associated Guillain‐Barré Syndrome
Irving Nachamkin, Sean V. Shadomy, Anthony P. Moran, Nancy Cox, Collette Fitzgerald, Huong Ung, Adrian T. Corcoran, John K. Iskander, Lawrence B. Schonberger, and Robert T. Chen
Irving Nachamkin, a professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, examined some 1976 vaccine that had been saved by a scientist in Texas. In a paper published last year in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, he and colleagues reported that mice given the vaccine made antibodies that reacted with gangliosides, which are components of nerve cells. An antibody attack on gangliosides is part of the disease mechanism of Guillain-Barré.

Featured in AFP
"Swine flu vaccine 'could be ready soon'" May 7, 2009
A Broadly Protective Vaccine against Globally Dispersed Clade 1 and Clade 2 H5N1 Influenza Viruses
Mary A. Hoelscher, Neetu Singh, Sanjay Garg, Lakshmi Jayashankar, Vic Veguilla, Aseem Pandey, Yumi Matsuoka, Jacqueline M. Katz, Ruben Donis, Suresh K. Mittal, and Suryaprakash Sambhara
The vaccine Mittal created for the bird flu worked on three different strains isolated over a seven-year period and was described in papers for the Journal of Infectious Diseases and the journal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.

Featured in Newsweek
"The Path of a Pandemic" http://www.newsweek.com/id/195692
Swine Influenza Virus: Zoonotic Potential and Vaccination Strategies for the Control of Avian and Swine Influenzas
Eileen Thacker and Bruce Janke
Last year researchers from Iowa State University in Ames warned that pigs located in industrial-scale farms were being subjected to influenza infections from farm poultry, wild birds and their human handlers. Writing in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Eileen Thacker and Bruce Janke said, "As a result of the constantly changing genetic makeup of individual influenza viruses in pigs, the U.S. swine industry is continually scrambling to respond to the influenza viruses circulating within individual production systems."

1 March 2006

Volume 193, Number 5
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2006;193:625–633
This article is in the public domain, and no copyright is claimed.
0022-1899/2006/19305-0003
DOI: 10.1086/500148
MAJOR ARTICLE

Efficient Neutralization of Anthrax Toxin by Chimpanzee Monoclonal Antibodies against Protective Antigen

Zhaochun Chen,1

Mahtab Moayeri,3

Yi‐Hua Zhou,1

Stephen Leppla,3

Suzanne Emerson,2

Andrew Sebrell,1

Fujuan Yu,1

Juraj Svitel,4

Peter Schuck,4

Marisa St. Claire,5 and

Robert Purcell1

1Hepatitis Viruses Section and 2Molecular Hepatitis Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, and 3Bacterial Toxins and Therapeutics Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and 4Protein Biophysics Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, and 5Bioqual, Rockville, Maryland

Four single‐chain variable fragments (scFvs) against protective antigen (PA) and 2 scFvs against lethal factor (LF) of anthrax were isolated from a phage display library generated from immunized chimpanzees. Only 2 scFvs recognizing PA (W1 and W2) neutralized the cytotoxicity of lethal toxin in a macrophage lysis assay. Full‐length immunoglobulin G (IgG) of W1 and W2 efficiently protected rats from anthrax toxin challenge. The epitope recognized by W1 and W2 was conformational and was formed by C‐terminal amino acids 614–735 of PA. W1 and W2 each bound to PA with an equilibrium dissociation constant of mol/L to 5×10−11 mol/L, which is an affinity that is 20–100‐fold higher than that for the interaction of the receptor and PA. W1 and W2 inhibited the binding of PA to the receptor, suggesting that this was the mechanism of protection. These data suggest that W1 and W2 chimpanzee monoclonal antibodies may serve as PA entry inhibitors for use in the emergency prophylaxis against and treatment of anthrax.

Received 15 July 2005; accepted 20 September 2005; electronically published 2 February 2006.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Zhaochun Chen, Hepatitis Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 50, Rm. 6533, 50 South Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892 ().

Cited by

Momchilo Vuyisich, S. Gnanakaran, Julie A. Lovchik, C. Rick Lyons, Goutam Gupta. (2008) A Dual-Purpose Protein Ligand for Effective Therapy and Sensitive Diagnosis of Anthrax. The Protein Journal 27:5, 292-302
Online publication date: 1-Sep-2008.
CrossRef
Sean V. Shadomy, Theresa L. Smith. (2008) Anthrax. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 233:1, 63-72
Online publication date: 1-Aug-2008.
CrossRef
Laura M Zarebski, Kerrie Vaughan, John Sidney, Bjoern Peters, Howard Grey, Kim D Janda, Arturo Casadevall, Alessandro Sette. (2008) Analysis of epitope information related to Bacillus anthracis and Clostridium botulinum . Expert Review of Vaccines 7:1, 55-74
Online publication date: 1-Mar-2008.
CrossRef
Dimitrios G Bouzianas. (2007) Potential biological targets of Bacillus anthracis in anti-infective approaches against the threat of bioterrorism. Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 5:4, 665-684
Online publication date: 1-Sep-2007.
CrossRef
Yan Li, Kevin Sherer, Xizhong Cui, Peter Q Eichacker. (2007) New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of anthrax toxin-induced shock. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 7:6, 843-854
Online publication date: 1-Jul-2007.
CrossRef
Wendy A Keitel. (2006) Recombinant protective antigen 102 (rPA102): profile of a second-generation anthrax vaccine. Expert Review of Vaccines 5:4, 417-430
Online publication date: 1-Sep-2006.
CrossRef

  • Potential conflicts of interest: none reported.

    Financial support: Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIH (contract no. N01‐AO‐02733).

Back to Top
Close Popup