Immunological Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Children with Clinically Stable HIV‐1 Infection
1Allergy and Immunology Section, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston; 2Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; 3Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; 4Pediatric HIV Services, Jacobi Medical Center, the Bronx, and 5Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook; 6Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
We studied changes in 60 immunological parameters after the administration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 192 clinically stable antiretroviral drug–experienced HIV‐1–infected children 4 months–17 years old. The studied immunological parameters included standard lymphocyte subsets and lymphocyte surface markers of maturation and activation. The most significant changes during the 48‐week study period were seen for CD8+, CD8+CD62L+CD45RA+, CD8+CD38+HLA‐DR+, and CD4+ T cell percentages (
for all parameters). These changes suggest that significant decreases in the expression of activation markers and increases in the expression of naive markers in the CD8+ T cell population may be related to better virologic control in these HIV‐1–infected children, who had relatively stable immune function at the initiation of HAART. At week 44 of HAART, the major immunological parameters in these HIV‐1–infected children moved from baseline values to about halfway to two‐thirds of the way toward the values in healthy, uninfected children.
Received 16 August 2004; accepted 7 March 2005; electronically published 29 June 2005.
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Online publication date: 1-Dec-2008.
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Financial support: Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group (PACTG) of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH); Pediatric/Perinatal HIV Clinical Trials Network of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH; Statistical and Data Management Center of the PACTG (NIAID cooperative agreement AI‐41110); Abbott Laboratories; Agouron Pharmaceuticals Inc.; Boehringer‐Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc.; Bristol‐Myers Squibb; Glaxo Wellcome. P.A.K. is an Elizabeth Glaser Scientist of the Pediatric AIDS Foundation.
Potential conflicts of interest: S.A.N. and A.A.W. have served as ad hoc consultants for or as speakers in programs sponsored by Abbott Laboratories, Agouron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Glaxo Wellcome, and Bristol‐Myers Squibb, pharmaceutical firms whose products were studied.
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Members of the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Core Immunology Laboratories and Protocol 377 Study Team are listed after the text.