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15 April 2005

Volume 191, Number 8
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2005;191:1210–1215
© 2005 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
0022-1899/2005/19108-0002$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/428948
BRIEF REPORT

Cross‐Reactivity to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Viruses after Vaccination with Nonadjuvanted and MF59‐Adjuvanted Influenza A/Duck/Singapore/97 (H5N3) Vaccine: A Potential Priming Strategy

Iain Stephenson,1,3

Roberto Bugarini,2

Karl G. Nicholson,3

Audino Podda,2

John M. Wood,4

Maria C. Zambon,5 and

Jacqueline M. Katz1

1Influenza Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 2Chiron Vaccines, Siena, Italy; 3Infectious Diseases Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, 4National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, and 5Central Public Health Laboratory, Health Protection Agency, Colindale, United Kingdom

Antigenically well‐matched vaccines against highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses are urgently required. Human serum samples after immunization with MF59 or nonadjuvanted A/duck/Singapore/97 (H5N3) vaccine were tested for antibody to 1997–2004 human H5N1 viruses. Antibody responses to 3 doses of nonadjuvanted vaccine were poor and were higher after MF59‐adjuvanted vaccine, with seroconversion rates to A/HongKong/156/97, A/HongKong/213/03, A/Thailand/16/04, and A/Vietnam/1203/04 of 100% ( ), 100% ( ), 71% ( ), and 43% ( ) in 14 subjects, respectively, compared with 27%, 27%, 0%, and 0% in 11 who received nonadjuvanted vaccine. These findings have implications for the rational design of pandemic vaccines against influenza H5.

Received 5 August 2004; accepted 8 October 2004; electronically published 14 March 2005.

  • (See the editorial commentary by Schwartz and Gellin and the article by Lipatov, on pages 1207–9 and 1216–20, respectively.)

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Iain Stephenson, Infectious Diseases Unit, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 SWW, United Kingdom ().

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  • Financial support: Association of Public Health Laboratories and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Programme to I.S.).

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