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1 April 2005

Volume 191, Number 7
The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2005;191:1084–1092
© 2005 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
0022-1899/2005/19107-0011$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/428592
MAJOR ARTICLE

Human Leukocyte Antigen and Cytokine Gene Variants as Predictors of Recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in High‐Risk Adolescents

Chengbin Wang,1

Jianming Tang,2

William M. Geisler,2

Peggy A. Crowley‐Nowick,4

Craig M. Wilson,2,3 and

Richard A. Kaslow1,2

Departments of 1Epidemiology, 2Medicine, and 3Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham; 4Department of Scientific Affairs, Berlex Laboratories, Seattle, Washington

Antigen presentation and immune activation are essential to the effective control of infectious diseases. In 485 North American adolescents at high risk for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection, we found 2 human leukocyte antigen variants (DRB1*03‐DQB1*04 and DQB1*06) to be associated with recurrent Chlamydia infection (adjusted relative odds [RO], >2.0; , for both variants). A G‐C‐C haplotype corresponding to variants at IL10 (encoding interleukin‐10 [IL‐10]) promoter positions −1082, −819, and −592 was underrepresented in individuals with recurrent infection (RO, 0.59; ). These genetic associations were independent of nongenetic factors, including number of sex partners, race, sex, duration of follow‐up, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seropositivity. Consistent with the observed IL10 association, cervical secretions in female adolescents without the IL10 G‐C‐C haplotype had elevated IL‐10 concentrations after Chlamydia infection, which may reflect involvement of a Chlamydia‐specific mechanism for genetically mediated, differential IL‐10 expression in the genital tract.

Received 20 August 2004; accepted 3 November 2004; electronically published 25 February 2005.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Jianming (James) Tang or Dr. Richard A. Kaslow, Program in Epidemiology of Infection and Immunity, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd., RPHB Rm. 220A, Birmingham, AL 35294‐0022 ( or ).

Cited by

WILLIAM M. GEISLER, CHENGBIN WANG, JIANMING TANG, CRAIG M. WILSON, PEGGY A. CROWLEY-NOWICK, RICHARD A. KASLOW. (2008) Immunogenetic Correlates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection in Adolescents. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 35:7, 656-661
Online publication date: 1-Aug-2008.
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G Min-Oo, L Lindqvist, A Vaglenov, C Wang, P Fortin, Y Li, B Kaltenboeck, P Gros. (2008) Genetic control of susceptibility to pulmonary infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae in the mouse. Genes and Immunity 9:4, 383-388
Online publication date: 1-Jul-2008.
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W Shao, J Tang, W Song, C Wang, Y Li, C M Wilson, R A Kaslow. (2007) CCL3L1 and CCL4L1: variable gene copy number in adolescents with and without human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Genes and Immunity 8:3, 224-231
Online publication date: 1-May-2007.
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Anja Weinreich Olsen, Frank Follmann, Klaus Jensen, Peter Højrup, Robert Leah, Hanne Sørensen, Steen Hoffmann, Peter Andersen, and Michael Theisen. (2006) Identification of CT521 as a Frequent Target of Th1 Cells in Patients with Urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis Infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 194:9, 1258-1266
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Abstract-Full Text-PDF Version (699 kB)
H Öhman, A Tiitinen, M Halttunen, S Birkelund, G Christiansen, P Koskela, M Lehtinen, J Paavonen, H-M Surcel. (2006) IL-10 polymorphism and cell-mediated immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis. Genes and Immunity 7:3, 243-249
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I Bernstein-Hanley, Z R Balsara, W Ulmer, J Coers, M N Starnbach, W F Dietrich. (2006) Genetic analysis of susceptibility to Chlamydia trachomatis in mouse. Genes and Immunity 7:2, 122-129
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Robert C. Brunham, Babak Pourbohloul, Sunny Mak, Rick White, and Michael L. Rekart. (2005) The Unexpected Impact of a Chlamydia trachomatis Infection Control Program on Susceptibility to Reinfection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 192:10, 1836-1844
Online publication date: 15-Nov-2005.
Abstract-Full Text with Enhancements-PDF Version (1346 kB)
C. Wang, J. Tang, P. A. Crowley-Nowick, C. M. Wilson, R. A. Kaslow, W. M. Geisler. (2005) Interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-12 responses to Chlamydia trachomatis infection in adolescents. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 0:0, 051006055454006
Online publication date: 6-Nov-2005.
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  • Financial support: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Reaching for Excellence in Adolescent Care and Health project grants HD32830 and HD32842); National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grants AI41530, AI41951, and AI51173 to R.A.K. and J.T.); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Sexually Transmitted Disease Faculty Expansion Program grant R30 CCR421113 to W.M.G.).

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