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1 March 2004

Volume 38, Number 5
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2004;38:632–639
© 2004 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
1058-4838/2004/3805-0004$15.00
DOI: 10.1086/381547
MAJOR ARTICLE

Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Adults and Children in Community and Family Settings

Gili Regev‐Yochay,1,2

Meir Raz,3

Ron Dagan,4,5

Nurith Porat,4,5

Bracha Shainberg,6

Erica Pinco,6

Nathan Keller,7 and

Ethan Rubinstein1,2

1Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 2Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 3Hashfela District, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rishon Lezion, 4Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, and 5Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev, Beer‐Sheva, 6Central Laboratory, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Rehovot, and 7Microbiology Laboratory, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat‐Gan, Israel

The rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage among adults was compared with that among children (age, 6 years) in the same population. Nasopharyngeal culture results for 1300 adults and 404 children were analyzed. S. pneumoniae was carried by only 4% of the adults, compared with 53% of children in the same community. Young age, day care center attendance, having young siblings, and no antibiotic use during the month before screening were associated with the high carriage rate among children, whereas the only risk factor associated with carriage among adults was the presence of a respiratory infection on the screening day. S. pneumoniae serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance patterns differed between adults and children. Isolates of the same serotype—even of the same clone—differed in their antibiotic susceptibility patterns between children and adults. In a subanalysis of 151 pairs of children and their parents and of 32 pairs of siblings, intrafamilial transmission of S. pneumoniae could not be demonstrated.

Received 28 May 2003; accepted 22 October 2003; electronically published 17 February 2004.

Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Gili Regev‐Yochay, Infectious Disease Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat‐Gan, Israel ().

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  • Presented in part: 42nd Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, San Diego, California, 27–30 September 2002 (abstract G‐842).

    Financial support: Maccabi Healthcare Services and the Chief Scientist office of the Israeli Ministry of Health.

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